vladimir smicer

Vladimir Propp

• he very much believed in narratives having character roles + functions.
• analysed a whole series of Russian folk tales in the 1920's & decided that the same events kept being repeated.
• His theories were that every piece should have a;
• hero
• villain
• sought for person
• donor
• the helper 
• false hero

This is shown in life on mars, where Sam Tyler is the hero, Colin Reams is the villain, the princess is Myia and the false hero is Gene Hunt.


Roland Barthes

• He lived from the 12th of November 1915 - 1980
• He was a French litary theorist,  philosopher a critic and also a semiotician.
• He gained a license in grammar and philosophy.
• From that, he then went on to suggest that narratives contain codes which activate the audience to make sense of it e.g. action, enigma, symbolic and cultural.

Tzetan Todorov 

• He was born on the 1st of March 1939 in Bulgaria.
• He was influenced by the 1960s and beyond.
• He argued that all stories begin with an equilibrium and are followed by a dstraction which is then recognised.